Exporter-DLH

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

C - Consulate
C&F - Cost and Freight
C&F Named Port - Cost and freight. All costs of goods and transportation to the named port are included in the price quoted. Buyer pays insurance while aboard ship up to overseas inland destination.
C. - Collected, Currency, Coupon, Coast
C. & D. - Collected and delivered
c. & f. - Cost and freight
c. & i. - Cost and insurance
C. &/or J. - China and/or Japan
C.&I. - Cost and insurance
C.A.C.T.L.V.O. - Compromised &/or arranged &/or constructive total loss of vessel only
C.A.D. - Cash against documents
C.B. & H. - Continent between Bordeaux and Hamburg
C.B.I. - Confederation of British Industry
C.C. - Current cost, Civil commotions, Cancellation clause, Continuation clause
C.C.I.S.G. - Convention Contracts of International Sale of Goods
C.C.S.A. - Collective company signing agreement
C.D. - Country damage
C.D.V. - Current domestic value
c.f. - Cubic feet. Carried forward
c.f.i. - Cost, freight and insurance
C.f.o. - Channel for orders. Coast for orders. Calling for orders
C.G.A. - Cargo's proportion of general average
C.G.S.A. - Carriage of Goods by Sea Act
C.I. - Consular Invoice
C.I.E. - Captain's imperfect entry (Customs). - c.i.f. - Cost, insurance and freight
c.i.f. & e. - Cost, insurance, freight and exchange
c.i.f.c.i. - Cost, insurance, freight, commission and interest
c.i.f.L.t. - Cost, insurance, and freight London terms
C.I.I. - Chartered Insurance Institute
C.K.D. - Completely knocked down
C.O.B. - Cargo on board
C.O.D. - Cash on delivery
C.P.A. - Claims payable abroad
c.p.d. - Charterers' pay dues
C.P.P. - Controllable Pitch Propellers
C.R. - Current rate, Company's risk, Carrier's risk
C.R.O. - Cancelling returns only
C.S.D. - Closed shelter deck
C.S.T. - Central standard time
c.t.l. - Constructive total loss
c.t.l.o. - Constructive total loss only
c.v. - Chief value
C.W. - Commercial weight
C/- - Case
C/D - Commercial dock. Consular declaration
c/i - Certificate of insurance
C/L - Craft loss
C/N - Consignment note. Cover note. Credit note
C/O - Certificate of origin. Cash order. Case oil
C/P - Charter Party, Custom of Port (grain trade)
c/s - Cases
call sign - Sequence of letters and numbers, unique to each ship, that identify the ship.
Calvo Doctrine - The Calvo Doctrine (or principle) holds that jurisdiction in international investment disputes lies with the country in which the investment is located; thus, the investor has no recourse but to use the local courts. The principle, named after an Argentinean jurist, has been applied throughout Latin America and other areas of the world.
Canc. - Cancelled
cancl. - Cancelling
cap - Capacity
Capital Account - See: Balance of Payments.
CAR - Commercial Activity Report
cargo - Goods carried in or on a ship
Cargo Selectivity System - The Cargo Selectivity System, a part of Customs' Automated Commercial System, specifies the type of examination (intensive or general) to be conducted for imported merchandise. The type of examination is based on database selectivity criteria such as assessments of risk by filer, consignee, tariff number, country of origin, and manufacturer/shipper. A first time consignee is always selected for an intensive examination. An alert is also generated in cargo selectivity the first time a consignee files an entry in a port with a particular tariff number, country of origin, or manufacturer/shipper.
Carnets - Customs documents permitting the holder to carry or send sample merchandise temporarily into certain foreign countries without paying duties or posting bonds. Foreign customs regulations vary widely; in some countries, duties and extensive customs procedures on sample products may be avoided by obtaining an ATA Carnet. The ATA Carnet is a standardized international customs document used to obtain duty-free temporary admission of certain goods into the countries that are signatories to the ATA Convention. Under the ATA Convention, commercial and professional travelers may take commercial samples; tools of the trade; advertising material; and cinematographic, audiovisual, medical, scientific, or other professional equipment into member countries temporarily without paying customs duties and taxes or posting a bodn at the border of each country visited. The carnets are generally valid for 12 months. Telephone: 1-800-CARNETS.
Carriage Paid To - Carriage paid to (CPT) and carriage and insurance paid to (CIP) a named place of destination. Used in place of CFR and CIF, respectively for shipment by modes other than water.
Cartel - An organization of independent producers formed to regulate the production, pricing, or marketing practices of its members in order to limit competition and maximize their market power.
Cash Against Documents - A term denoting that payment is made when the bill of lading is presented.
Cash Against Documents (C.A.D.) - A method of payment for goods in which documents transferring title are given to the buyer upon payment of cash to an intermediary acting for the seller, usually a commission house.
Cash In Advance (C.I.A.) - A method of payment for goods in which the buyer pays the seller in advance of the shipment of the goods. Usually employed when the goods are built to order, such as specialized machinery.
Cash With Order - CWO is a means of payment in which the buyer pays cash when ordering; the order is binding on both seller and buyer.
Cash With Order (C.W.O.) - A method of payment for goods in which cash is paid at the time of order and the transaction becomes binding on both buyer and seller.
Catalog Exhibitions - These promotions are low-cost exhibits of U.S. firms' catalogs and videos which offer small, less-experienced companies an opportunity to test overseas markets for their products without travel. The International Trade Administration promotes exhibitions, provides staff fluent in the local language to answer questions, and forwards all trade leads to participating firms.
CBM - Conventional buoy mooring
CBW - Chemical and Biological Weapons
CCC - Customs Co-operation Council
CDI - Capital Development Initiative
CEPT - Conference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et, des Telecommunications
CERN - Centre Europeen de Recherche Nucleaire
Certificate of Delivery - See: Delivery Verification Certificate.
Certificate of Inspection - A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in good condition immediately prior to shipment. Pre-shipment inspection is a requirement for importation of goods into many developing countries.
Certificate of Manufacture - A document (often notarized) in which a producer of goods certifies that the manufacturing has been completed and the goods are now at the disposal of the buyer.
Certificate Of Origin - A certified document as to the origin of goods, used in foreign commerce.
Certificate of Origin - Certain nations require a signed statement as to the origin of the export item. Such certificates are usually obtained through a semiofficial organization such as a local chamber of commerce. A certificate may be required even though the commercial invoice contains the information.
Certified Trade Fair Program - The Department of Commerce Certified Trade Fair Program is designed to encourage private organizations to recruit new-to-market and new-to-export U.S. firms to exhibit in trade fairs overseas. To receive certification, the organization must demonstrate: (1) the fair is a leading international trade event for an industry and (2) the fair organizer is capable of recruiting U.S. exhibitors and assisting them with freight forwarding, customs clearance, exhibit design and setup, public relations, and overall show promotion. The show organizer must agree to assist new-to-export exhibitors as well as small businesses interested in exporting. In addition to the services the organizer provides, the Department of Commerce will: - assign a Washington coordinator; - operate a business information office, which provides meeting space, translators, hospitality, and assistance from U.S. exhibitors and foreign customers; - help contact buyers, agents, distributors, and other business leads and provide marketing assistance; - provide a press release on certification.
CET - Common External Tariff
CFR - Code of Federal Regulations, Cost and Freight
CFS - Container freight station
Charge d'affaires - See: Title and Rank.
Charter Party - Renting of an entire vessel or part of its freight space for a particular trip or stipulated period of time.
CHB - Customhouse Broker
CIF - Cost, Insurance and Freight
cif - Cost, insurance, freight
CILSS - Comite Permanent Interetats de Lutte contre la Secheresse, dans le Sahel
CIMS - Commercial Information Management System
CIPs - Commodity Import Programs
CIR - Center for International Research
CIS - Commonwealth of Independent States
CISG - Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of, Goods
CIT - Court of International Trade
CITA - Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements
CITES - Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in, Wild Fauna and Flora
CIV - Customs Import Value
CJ - Commodity Jurisdiction
Ck. - Cask
cld. - Cleared
Clean Bill of Lading - A receipt for goods issued by a carrier with an indication that the goods were received in "apparent good order and condition," without damages or other irregularities.
Clean Draft - A draft to which no documents have been attached.
Clean Float - Clean float refers to a system in which exchange rates are determined by market forces rather than government intervention or restrictions. See: Dirty Float.
Club du Sahel - The Club du Sahel is an informal coalition which seeks to reverse the effects of drought and the desertification in the eight Sahelian zone countries: Burkina Faso, Chad, Gambia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, and the Cape Verde Islands. The Club coordinates plans and financing of aid and sustained economic development in the region. The Club (sometimes called "Club des Amis du Sahel"), formed in December 1975, comprises both donor countries (Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and Sahelian zone countries. Headquarters are in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
COE - Council of Europe
Collection Papers - All documents (invoices, bills of lading, etc.) submitted to a buyer for the purpose of receiving payment for a shipment.
Collections System - The Collections System, a part of Customs' Automated Commercial System, controls and accounts for the billions of dollars in payments collected by Customs each year and the millions in refunds processed each year. Daily statements are prepared for the automated brokers who select this service. The Collections System permits electronic payments of the related duties and taxes through the Automated Clearinghouse capability. Automated collections also meet the needs of the importing community through acceptance of electronic funds transfers for deferred tax bills and receipt of electronic payments from lockbox operations for Customs bills and fees.
COM - Chief of Mission, Cost of Manufacture
Com. - Commission
Commerce Control List - The CCL includes all items -- commodities, software, and technical data -- subject to BXA export controls and incorporates not only the national security controlled items agreed to by CoCom (the "core" list), but also items controlled for foreign policy (i.e., biological warfare, nuclear proliferation, missile technology, regional stability, and crime control) and short supply. The list is divided into 10 general categories: (1) materials, (2) materials processing, (3) electronics, (4) computers, (5) telecommunications and cryptography, (6) sensors, (7) avionics and navigation, (8) marine technology, (9) propulsion systems and transportation equipment, and (10) miscellaneous.
Commercial Code - A published code designed to reduce the total number of words required in a cablegram.
Commercial Counterfeiting - This practice involves the manufacture or sale of goods which defraud the purchaser by falsely implying that the products are produced by a reputable manufacturer.
Commercial Invoice - The commercial invoice is a bill for the goods from the seller to the buyer. These invoices are often used by governments to determine the true value of goods for the assessment of customs duties and are also used to prepare consular documentation. Governments using the commercial invoice to control imports often specify its form, content, number of copies, language to be used, and other characteristics.
Commercial Risks - With respect to Eximbank guarantees, commercial risks cover nonpayment for reasons other than specified political risks. Examples are insolvency or protracted default. See: Political Risks.
Commercial Treaty - An agreement between two or more countries setting forth the conditions under which business between the countries may be transacted. May outline tariff privileges, terms on which property may be owned, the manner in which claims may be settled, etc.
Conds. - Conditions
Confirmed Letter of Credit - A letter of credit, issued by a foreign bank, whose validity has been confirmed by an American bank. An exporter whose payment terms are a confirmed letter of credit is assured of payment even if the foreign buyer or the foreign bank defaults.
Confirming - Confirming is a financial service in which an independent company confirms an export order in the seller's country and makes payment for the goods in the currency of that country. Among the items eligible for confirmation are the goods; inland, air, and ocean transportation costs; forwarding fees; custom brokerage fees; and duties. Confirming permits the entire export transaction from plant to end user to be fully coordinated and paid for over time. It is mainly a European practice.
conlinebill - Liner bill of lading published by the Baltic and International Maritime Conference (B.I.M.C.O.).
Consgt. - Consignment
consignee - Person to whom goods are to be delivered at a particular destination by a carrier.
Consignee - The person or firm named in a freight contract to whom goods have been consigned or turned over. For export control purposes, the documentation differentiates between an "intermediate" consignee and an "ultimate" consignee.
Consignee Marks - A symbol placed on packages for export for identification purposes; generally consisting of a triangle, square, circle, diamond, cross, with letters and/or numbers as well as port of discharge.
Consignment - Delivery of merchandise from an exporter (the consignor) to an agent (the consignee) under agreement that the agent sell the merchandise for the account of the exporter. The consignor retains title to the goods until sold. The consignee sells the goods for commission and remits the net proceeds to the consignor.
consignor - Person who gives goods to a carrier for delivery to a consignee.
Consul - A government official residing in a foreign country who is charged with the representation of the interests of his country and its nationals.
Consular Declaration - A formal statement describing goods to be shipped, made to the consul of the country of destination. Approval must be obtained prior to shipment.
Consular Declaration - A formal statement, made to the consul of a foreign country, describing goods to be shipped.
Consular Information Sheet - See: Travel Advisory Program.
Consular Invoice - A document required by some foreign countries showing exact information as to consignor, consignee, value and description of shipment.
Consular Invoice - A document, required by some foreign countries, describing a shipment of goods and showing information such as the consignor, consignee, and value of the shipment. Certified by a consular official of the foreign country, it is used by the country's customs officials to verify the value, quantity, and nature of the shipment.
Consulate - See: Title and Rank.
Consulate - The jurisdiction, terms of office, or official premises of a consul.
Consumption Entry - An official form used for declaration of value, description and the total duty due on such transaction.
Cont. - Continent of Europe
Cont.(A.H.) - Continent, Antwerp-Hamburg range
Cont.(B.H.) - Continent, Bordeaux-Hamburg range
Cont.(H.H.) - Continent, Havre-Hamburg range
Container - A uniform, sealed, reusable metal "box" in which merchandise is shipped by vessel, truck, or rail. Standard lengths include 10, 20, 30, and 40 feet (40 foot lengths are generally able to hold about 40,000 pounds). Containers of 45 and 48 feet are also used, as well as containers for shipment by air.
container - Box, in several standard sizes, designed to enable goods to be sent several places without the contents being touched.
Contracting Parties - Contracting parties are the signatory countries to the GATT. These countries have accepted the specified obligations and privileges of the GATT agreement.
Conv. - Conveyance
Convention - See: International Agreements.
Cooperator Program - See: Foreign Market Development Program.
COP - Cost of Production
Cost and Freight - Cost and Freight (CFR) to a named overseas port of import. Under this term, the seller quotes a price for the goods that includes the cost of transportation to the named point of debarkation. The cost of insurance is left to the buyer's account. (Typically used for ocean shipments only. CPT, or carriage paid to, is a term used for shipment by modes other than water.) Also, a method of import valuation that includes insurance and freight charges with the merchandise values.
Cost of Production - A term used to refer to the sum of the cost of materials, fabrication and/or other processing employed in producing the merchandise sold in a home market or to a third country together with appropriate allocations of general administrative and selling expenses. COP is based on the producer's actual experience and does not include any mandatory minimum general expense or profit as in "constructed value." See: Tariff Act of 1930.
Cost, Insurance and Freight - Cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) to a named overseas port of import. Under this term, the seller quotes a price for the goods (including insurance), all transportation, and miscellaneous charges to the point of debarkation for the vessel. (Typically used for ocean shipments only. CIP, or carriage and insurance paid to, is a term used for shipment by modes other than water.)
Costs of Manufacture - In the context of dumping investigations, the costs of manufacture, COM, is equal to the sum of the materials, labor and both direct and indirect factory overhead expenses required to produce the merchandise under investigation.
Counter Trade - A general trade term whereby a seller is required to accept goods or services from the buyer as either full or partial payment. This is a well known phenomenon in East-West trade, but is increasingly being practiced worldwide.
Counterfeit Code - A draft agreement addressing commercial counterfeit (e.g. trademarks) problems in international trade. Initiated during the Tokyo Round, this code was never concluded. The issue of counterfeiting, as well as other intellectual property issues, is now under discussion in the Uruguay Round negotiating group on Intellectual Property Rights.
Counterpurchase - See: Countertrade.
Countertrade - Countertrade is an umbrella term for several sorts of trade in which the seller is required to accept goods, serivces, or other instruments or trade, in partial or whole payment for its products. Forms include barter, buy-back or compensation, offset requirements, swap, switch, or triangular trade, evidence or bilateral clearing accounts. Some include offsets as a form of countertrade; others make a distinction based on the view that countertrade is a reciprocal exchange of goods and services used to alleviate foreign exchange shortages of importers and that offsets are used as a means for advancing industrial development objectives and may include equity investments. In counterpurchase (one of the most common forms of countertrade), exporters agree to purchase a quantity of goods from a country in exchange for that country's purchase of the exporter's product. The goods being sold by each party are typically unrelated but may be equivalent in value. In a compensation or buy-back deal, exporters of heavy equipment, technology, or even entire facilities agree to purchase a certain percentage of the output of the facility. Barter is a simple swap of one good for another. Switch trading is a complicated form of barter, involving a chain of buyers and sellers in different markets. See: Offsets.
Countervailing Duties (CVD) - These are duties levied on an imported good to offset subsidies to producers or exporters of that good in the exporting country. GATT Article VI permits the use of such duties if material injury to the importing country's producers occurs.
Country of Export Destination - Country of destination for exports is the country where the goods are to be consumed, further processed, or manufactured, as known to the shipper at the time of exportation. If the shipper does not know the country of ultimate destination, the shipment is credited to the last country to which the shipper knows that the merchandise will be shipped in the same form as when exported.
Country of Origin - The U.S. Customs Service defines country of origin as the country where an article was wholly grown, manufactured or produced, or, if not wholly grown, cultivated or produced in one country, the last country in which the article underwent a substantial transformation. Duty rates vary according to the country of origin.
Court of International Trade - The CIT has jurisdiction over any civil action against the United States arising from Federal laws governing import transactions. The court hears antidumping, product classification, and countervailing duty matters as well as appeals of unfair trade practice cases from the International Trade Commission. The court was originally established in 1890; principal offices are located in New York City, but the court is empowered to hear and determine cases arising at any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States. The judges are appointed for life by the President, subject to Senate confirmation.
Cpa. - Closest point of approach
CPCM - Comite Permanent Consultatif du Maghreb
CPT - Carriage Paid To
Cr. - Credit, Creditor
Credit Risk Insurance - A form of insurance which protects the seller against loss due to default on the part of the buyer.
Credit Risk Insurance - Insurance designed to cover risks of nonpayment for delivered goods.
CSS - Customized Sales Survey
CT - Countertrade
Cts. - Crates
cum. - With, Cumulative
Currency Swaps - See: Swaps.
Current Account - See: Balance of Payments.
Custom House - The government office where duties and/or tolls are placed on imports or exports and are paid on vehicles or vessels entered or cleared.
custom of the port - Established practice at a port which becomes part of a contract of carriage unless otherwise identified in the contract.
Customhouse Brokers - A person or firm, licensed by the Treasury Department, engaged in entering and clearing goods through customs. The duties of a broker include preparing the entry blank and filing it; advising the importer on duties to be paid; advancing duties and other costs; and, arranging for delivery to his client, his trucking firm, or other carrier.
Customs Free Zone - See: Free Trade Zone.
Customs Harmonization - This is an international effort to increase the uniformity of customs practices such as evaluation, nomenclature and enforcement among countries. The Customs Cooperation Council has been working on an internationally accepted harmonized commodity system since 1970.
Customs Valuation Code - Formally known as the Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,'' this MTN agreement provides detailed rules for the determination of value for customs purposes. These rules are designed to provide a fair, uniform and neutral system of valuation based on transaction value and preclude the use of arbitrary or fictitious values.
CV - Constructed Value
CVD - Countervailing Duty
CW - Cash With Order
CWC - Chemical Weapons Convention
CXT - Common External Tariff